801. Biology of Plant Pathogens (BIOS 801; HORT 801; PLPT 801) (3 cr I)

Prereq: PLPT 369 or equivalent; an introduction to biochemistry course

Molecular and cellular approach to the study of plant pathological principles.

802. Ecology and Management of Plant Pathogens (BIOS 802; HORT 802; PLPT 802) (3 cr II)

Prereq: PLPT 369 or equivalent; an introduction to biochemistry course

Principles of plant disease epidemiology and disease control through cultural, biological, chemical and host plant resistance strategies.

806. Plant Ecophysiology: Theory and Practice (HORT 806; NRES 806) (4 cr I) Lec 3, lab 1.

Prereq: 4 hours of ecology; 4 hours of botany or plant physiology

Offered fall semester of even-numbered calendar years. A field/greenhouse experiment is assigned to students registered for 806. Principles of plant physiology which underlie the relationship between plants and their physical, chemical and biotic environments. Introduction to the ecological niche, limiting factors and adaptation. Seed germination and ecology, plant and soil water relations, nutrients, plant energy budgets, photosynthesis, carbon balance and plant-animal interactions. Introduction to various field equipment used in ecophysiological studies.

*807. Plant-Water Relations (BIOS *817; NRES *807) (3 cr I) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 325 or equivalent; MATH 106 recommended

Quantitative study of water relations in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Basic physical processes, which describe the movement of water in the soil and the atmosphere, and the physiological processes, which describe water movement inside of the plant. Stomata physiology and the effects of internal water deficits on photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, cell division and cell enlargement. Results from integrative models used to study the relative importance of environmental versus physiological factors for several plant-environment systems.

808. Microclimate: The Biological Environment (GEOG 808; HORT 808; METR 808; NRES 808; WATS 408) (3 cr I)

Prereq: MATH 106 or equivalent; 5 hrs physics; or permission

Physical factors that create the biological environment. Radiation and energy balances of earth’s surfaces, terrestrial and marine. Temperature, humidity and wind regimes near the surface. Control of the physical environment through irrigation, windbreaks, frost protection, manipulation of light and radiation. Applications to air pollution research. Instruments for measuring environmental conditions and remote sensing of the environment.

*810. Plant Molecular Biology (BIOC *810; BIOS *810; HORT *810) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 315 or BIOS 206; BIOC 831 or permission

Molecular genetic basis of biological function in higher plants. Genome organization, gene structure and function, regulation of gene expression, recombinant DNA, and genetic engineering principles. Material taken primarily from current literature.

811. Crop Genetic Engineering (1 cr)

Basic steps required to produce genetically engineered crops. Genetic engineering procedures used to develop current crops and innovations that will lead to future products. Genetic engineering process and predicting how changes in different steps of the process influence the final crop. Application of genetic engineering technology to plan the development of new genetically engineered crops.

812. Crop and Weed Genetics (1 cr)

Application of classical and molecular genetic principles to the explanation of variation observed in plant families and populations. Interpretation of information gathered from whole-plant trait observation and from molecular analysis. Relationships between crops and weeds. Examples from genetic studies on both crop and weed species are the basis of the course.

813. Turfgrass and Landscape Weed Management (HORT 813; TLMT *813) (1 cr II) Lec 1, lab 2.

Fundamental terminology associated with turfgrass and landscape weed management. Weed identification and the cultural practices and herbicide strategies to limit weed invasion and persistence.

814. Turfgrass Disease Management (HORT 814; PLPT 814; TLMT 814) (1 cr) Lec 1.

Prereq: PLPT 369 or one semester of introductory plant pathology.

Access to the World Wide Web (WWW) and e-mail required.

Pathogens, epidemiology, and control of diseases specific to turfgrass.

*815A. Self-pollinated Crop Breeding (ENTO *815A) (1 cr)

Prereq: AGRO 315

Self-pollinated plant breeding theory and methods. Pedigree, bulk, single seed descent, back-crossing methods and inbreeding theory.

*815B. Germplasm and Genes (ENTO *815B) (1 cr)

Prereq: AGRO 315

Obtaining germplasm and genes from cultivated plants, wild relatives of cultivated plants, and the biosphere. Origination of crops, mutation genetics, biotechnology as a source of genes, chromosomal engineering and plant reproduction.

*815D. Cross-pollinated Crop Breeding (ENTO *815D) (1 cr)

Prereq: AGRO 315

Cross-pollinated breeding theory and methods. Genes in populations, recurrent selection methods, creating populations, hybrid production practices, and population improvement theory.

*818. Agricultural Biochemistry (BIOC *818) (2 cr)

Prereq: Undergraduate major in life sciences or related area, and a course in biochemistry

A Web-based course. Biochemical underpinnings of agricultural production and processing systems. Agricultural biotechnology; bioenergetics; kinetics and enzyme regulation; interaction of biomolecules with light, photosynthesis and the balance between anabolism and catabolism in microbes, plants and animals.

819. Applications of Remote Sensing in Agriculture and Natural Resources (GEOG 819; GEOL 819; NRES 820) (4 cr) Lec 3, lab 2.

Prereq: GEOG/NRES 818; or permission

Introduction to the practical uses of remote electromagnetic sensing in dealing with agricultural and water-resources issues.

*822. Integrated Weed Management (HORT *822) (1 cr) Lec 1.

Prereq: 12 hrs AGRO and/or closely related HORT and/or BIOS

Principles and application of (IWM). Noxious and invasive weed species. Crops and weed control. Plant population shifts. Use of herbicides and the biologically effective dose. Critical period of weed control and weed threshold. Herbicide tolerant crops.

*823. Herbicide Action in Plants (1 cr) Lab.

Prereq: 12 hours agronomy or closely related biological sciences courses

The mode of action and plant response to all the major herbicide families. Why herbicides with different modes of action can result in similar plant symptoms. Issues of crop safety and weed control. Role of integrating herbicide resistant crops and weed control in cropping systems.

824. Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Management (HORT 824) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 325 or a basic course in plant physiology

A course in organic chemistry or biochemistry recommended. Offered spring semesters. Macro- and micronutrient elements and their function in the growth and development of plants; the role of single elements; interaction/balances between elements and nutrient deficiency/toxicity symptoms as they affect the physiology of the whole plant; and the relationship between crop nutrition and production/environmental considerations (e.g. yield, drought, temperature, pests).

825. Turfgrass Science and Culture (HORT 825) (3 cr I) Lec 2, lab 2.

Prereq: 9 hrs agricultural plant science and 3 hrs soil science

Offered fall semester of odd-numbered calendar years. Methods and principles of establishment and maintenance of turfgrasses. Climate adaptation; methods of identification and propagation; equipment; fertility and watering practices; insects; diseases; and weed control.

826. Invasive Plants (HORT 826; NRES 826) (3 cr II) Lec 2, lab 2.

Prereq: AGRO/HORT/SOIL 153; BIOS 109.

Identification, biology, and ecology of weedy and invasive plants. Principles of invasive plant management by preventive, cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical means using an adaptive management framework. Herbicide terminology and classification, plant-herbicide and soil-herbicide interactions, equipment calibration, and dosage calculations.

*827. Turfgrass Systems Management (HORT *827; TLMT *827) (3 cr) Lec 2, lab 2.

Prereq: 9 hrs agricultural plant science and 3 hrs soil science

Critical evaluation of turfgrass settings to create economical and environmentally friendly management systems for professionally managed turf areas.

*830. Phytopathology Principles (1 cr, max 8)

Prereq: Preparatory courses in botany, microbiology, genetics, and biochemistry

A series of eight different mini-courses. Access to the World Wide Web and E-mail are required. Principles and concepts of plant pathology, including relation of plant disease to crop production, environment, man, current, historical and emerging diseases of corn, soybeans, small grain, turf and sorghum, dry bean and alfalfa. Specific disease cycles, edipemiology and plant health management strategies.
A. Corn Diseases (1 cr) Prereq: AGRO 830 or an introductory plant pathology course.
B. Soybean Diseases (1 cr) Prereq: AGRO 830 or an introductory plant pathology course.

*831. Spatial Variability in Soils (2 cr II) Lec 2.

Prereq: AGRO/SOIL 366 and STAT *801.

Offered spring semester of even-numbered years.

Basic concepts of soil variability, its underlying causes. The impact spatial variability has on soil management, primarily for crop production. Geographic and geo-statistical concepts. Use of spatial information for more profitable crop production.

834. Plant Biochemistry (BIOC 834; BIOS *834; CHEM 834) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: BIOC/BIOS/CHEM 831

Offered every other year beginning spring 2007. Biochemical metabolism unique to plants. Relationships of topics previously acquired in general biochemistry to biochemical processes unique to plants. Biochemical mechanisms behind many physiological processes discussed in plant or crop physiology.

835. Agroecology (NRES 835) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: 12 hours biological or agricultural sciences or permission

Integration of principles of ecology, plant and animal sciences, crop protection, and rural landscape planning and management for sustainable agriculture. Includes natural and cultivated ecosystems, population and community ecology, nutrient cycling, pest management, hydrologic cycles, cropping and grazing systems, landscape ecology, biodiversity, and socioeconomic evaluation of systems. Also includes discussions and team projects for developing communication skills and leadership experience.

836. Agroecosystems Analysis (HORT 836) (3 cr III) Fld.

Cost of travel required. Summer travel course with multi-state faculty. Farm visits in Iowa, Minnesota, and Nebraska. Analyze different farming systems for productivity, economic performance and stability, environmental impact, and social viability. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of whole-farm systems and their relationship to local landscape the communities, to family resource base, and to food security.

837. Animal, Food and Industrial Uses of Grain (2 cr) Lec.

Prereq: CHEM 105 or 109 and one of the following: AGRO 204 or ASCI 250 or FDST 203

Identification and comparison of grain quality characteristics desired by livestock feeders, human food processors, and industrial users, and the methods used to measure these characteristics.

838. Producing Grain for Animal, Food and Industrial Uses (1 cr II) Lec.

Prereq: CHEM 109 and one of the following: AGRO 204, ASCI 250, FDST 203

AGRO 315 and 837 recommended. Genetic development, production practices, and grain handling and storage procedures to deliver quality grain to livestock feeders, human food processors and industrial uses.

*839. Organic Farming and Food Systems (3 cr III) Lec 3.

Prereq: Admission to the MS or PhD program

History of organic farming and horticultural systems, organic certification, nutrient and pest management in organic systems, planning organic enterprises including production and marketing, resilience of organic systems in ecological, economic, and social terms; future issues and potentials of organic food systems.

840. Great Plains Ecosystems (NRES 840; RNGE 440) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L, or equivalent, recommended.

Characteristics of Great Plains ecosystems, interrelationships of ecological factors and processes, and their application in the management of grasslands. Interactions of fire, vegetation, grazing animals, and wildlife.

841. Perennial Plant Function, Growth and Development (HORT 841; RNGE 441) (3 cr) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 325 or equivalent

Principles of crop physiology and developmental morphology in relation to function, growth, development and survival of perennial forage, range and turf plants. Relationship of physiology and morphological development on plant use and management.

842. Wildland Plants (NRES 842; RNGE 442) (3 cr I) Lec 2, lab 4.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L, or equivalent, recommended.

Wildland plants important to grassland and shrubland ecosystem management and production. Distribution, utilization, classification, identification (including identification by vegetative parts), uses by Native Americans, and recognition of grasses, forbs and shrubs, as well as exotic and wetland plants. Emphasis on grasses.

*843. Ecology of Invasive Species (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Ecological principles and their application to invasive species. Discussion of population level characteristics and community and ecosystem level effects of a wide variety of taxa including invasive microbial, fungal, plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate examples. Current global consequences and governmental policies/programs designed to limit the spread of invasives.

844. Vegetation Analysis (NRES 844; RNGE 444) (3 cr I) Lec 2, lab 4.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L, or equivalent, recommended.

Criteria by which grasslands are analyzed. Vegetation sampling techniques, measurement and evaluation of grasslands, and measurement of important environmental factors. Evaluation of habitat improvement practices, wildlife value, recreational value and watershed value.

845. Livestock Management on Range and Pasture (ASCI 851; RNGE 445) (3 cr I) Lec 2.

Prereq: AGRO/RNGE 240 or 340; ASCI 250

AECN 201 recommended. Students required to participate in a one-week field trip in the Halsey area prior to beginning of fall semester. (Dates are given in class schedule.) Analyzing the plant and animal resources and economic aspects of livestock on range and pasture. Management of pasture and range for continued high production is emphasized.

*846. Forage Quality (ASCI *824) (3 cr III) Ind.

Prereq: AGRO/RNGE 240 and ASCI 320, or equivalents; 3 cr hrs of introductory statistics; and permission

The chemical characteristics of forage components. The interactions with ruminant physiology and digestion that influence forage feeding value. The laboratory procedures used to evaluate forages for grazing livestock.

*847. Grassland Fire Ecology (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L, or equivalent, recommended.

Ecological effects of fire on grassland ecosystems. Insight into the history of fires, the people who use them and why, the parts of a fire, how fires behave in relation to fuel and weather, and the conducting and safety of prescribed burns.

*848. Grassland Monitoring and Assessment (2 cr I) Lec 2.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L; and AGRO 240, or their equivalents, recommended

Vegetation sampling theory and plot selection. Quantitative measures used in vegetation analysis, root growth, and utilization. Similarity index, health, and trend for grassland monitoring and assessment. Use of basic statistics and the microcomputer to analyze data sets comparing methods for determination of biomass, basal cover, frequency, and density.

*849. Watershed Management in Grasslands (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L; NRES 220; and AGRO 240, or their equivalents, recommended

Management of physical/biological settings and processes along with human activities on water and watersheds considering preventative and restorative strategies in a natural resource rangeland setting.

850. Climate and Society (GEOG 850; METR 850; NRES 852) (3 cr)

Prereq: METR 200 or 351 or equivalent, or permission

Offered spring semester of even-numbered calendar years. Identify the impact of climate and extreme climatic events on society and societal responses to those events. Global in scope and interdisciplinary.

*851. Grassland Plant Identification (2 cr II) Lec 2.

Prereq: BIOS 101 and 101L; and AGRO 240, or their equivalents, recommended

Study of plants that have ecological and/or agricultural importance in the Great Plains. Plant identification, grassland ecosystems and plants forage value, palatability, and utilization by both domestic livestock and wildlife. Cultural and historical uses of grassland.

855. Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (NRES 855; SOIL 455) (3 cr I) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO/SOIL 153 or GEOL 101; CHEM 109 and 110; CHEM 221 or 251; or equivalent

Chemical and mineralogical properties of soil components with emphasis on the inorganic colloidal fraction. Structures of soil minerals discussed as a means of understanding properties such as ion exchange and equilibria, release and supply of nutrient and toxic materials, and soil acidity and alkalinity.

857. Soil Chemical Measurements (NRES 857; SOIL 457) (2-3 cr, max 3 I) Lec 2, lab 4-6.

Prereq: AGRO/SOIL 153; CHEM 116 or 221 or equivalent or permission

Permission required to register for 2 cr. Students registering for 3 cr will design, carry out, and report on an independent study project conducted during the term.Offered even-numbered calendar years. Theory and practice of soil chemical analyses commonly encountered in research and industrial settings. Wet analyses of inorganic fraction of soil and operation of instrumentation necessary to quantify results of the analyses.

858. Soil Physical Determinations (NRES 858; SOIL 458) (2 cr I) Lab 3 plus 3 hours to be arranged.

Prereq: SOIL/AGRO/GEOL/WATS 361; PHYS 141 or equivalent; MATH 102 or 103

Graduate students in NRES/AGRO 858 are expected to carry out an independent project and give an oral report. Measurement techniques and principles used in characterizing the physical properties of soils. Analysis of experimental design and sources of experimental error. Techniques included: particle size analysis, soil water content, pore size analysis, field sampling techniques, soil strength, and saturated hydraulic conductivity.

860. Soil Microbiology (BIOS 847; NRES 860; SOIL 460) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: One semester microbiology; one semester biochemistry or organic chemistry

Soil from a microbe’s perspective-growth, activity and survival strategies; principles governing methods to study microorganisms and biochemical processes in soil; mechanisms controlling organic matter cycling and stabilization with reference to C, N, S, and P; microbial interactions with plants and animals; and agronomic and environmental applications of soil microorganisms.

861. Soil Physics (GEOL 861; NRES 861; SOIL 461; WATS 461) (3 cr I) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO/SOIL 153, PHYS 141 or equivalent, one semester of calculus

Recommended: Parallel enrollment in AGRO/NRES 858. Principles of soil physics. Movement of water, air, heat and solutes in soils. Water retention and movement, including infiltration and field water regime. Movement of chemicals in soils.

869. Bio-Atmospheric Instrumentation (GEOG 869; HORT 807; METR 869; MSYM 869; NRES 869) (3 cr I)

Prereq: MATH 106 and 4 hrs physics

Offered fall semester of odd-numbered calendar years. Discussion and practical application of principles and practices of measuring meteorological and related variables near the earth’s surface including temperature, humidity, precipitation, pressure, radiation and wind. Performance characteristics of sensors and modern data collection methods discussed and evaluated.

875. Water Quality Strategy (CIVE 875; CRPL 875; GEOL 875; MSYM 875; NRES 875; POLS 875; SOCI 875; SOIL 475; WATS 475) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: Permission

Holistic approach to the selection and analysis of planning strategies for protecting water quality from nonpoint sources of contamination. Introduction to the use of methods of analyzing the impact of strategies on whole systems and subsystem for selecting strategies; and for evaluating present strategies.

877. Great Plains Field Pedology (GEOG 867/877; NRES 877; SOIL 477) (4 cr II)

Prereq: AGRO/SOIL 153 or permission

Spacial relationship of soil properties on various parts of landscape typical of the Plains, causal factors, and predictions of such relationships on other landscapes. Also grouping these properties into classes, naming the classes, and the taxonomy that results from this grouping. Finally, requires the application of a taxonomy to a real situation through making a field soil survey in region representative of the Plains border, predicting land use response of various mapped units as it affects the ecosystem, and evaluating the effectiveness of the taxonomic system used in the region surveyed.

880. Modified Rootzones (HORT 880; TLMT 880) (1 cr) Lec 1, rct 2.

Prereq: AGRO 153/HORT 153/SOIL 153 and permission

TLMT/AGRO/HORT 480/880 is offered as a five-week course.

Modified rootzones and their applications in the turfgrass and landscape management industry. Current applications and construction techniques, advantages and disadvantages of modified growing media, recommended materials and amendments, management requirements and related costs.

884. Water Resources Seminar (GEOG 884; GEOL 884; NRES 884; WATS 484) (1 cr II)

Prereq: Permission

Seminar on current water resources research and issues in Nebraska and the region.

888. Business Management for Agricultural Enterprises (EAEP 888; ENTR 888; HORT 888) (3 cr) Lec 3.

HORT 888 requires the completion of a shadowing assignment and the analyses of case studies.

Research a specific agricultural enterprise. Develop and present a business plan using materials from the primary area of interest.

889. Urbanization of Rural Landscapes (CRPL 889; HORT 889) (3 cr)

Prereq: Permission

Multidisciplinary course dealing with the urbanization process; the impacts on landscapes, people and the community; and the choices that are available to informed citizens.

896. Independent Study (RNGE 496; SOIL 496) (1-6, max 12 cr I, II, III)

Prereq: 12 hrs agronomy or closely related fields and permission

Individual or group projects in research, literature review, extension of course work under supervision and evaluation of a departmental faculty member.

*897. Master of Applied Science Project (AGRI *897; HORT *897; NRES *897) (1-6 cr, max 6)

Prereq: Admission to Master of Applied Science degree program

Project activity for the Master of Applied Science degree.

Design, develop and complete a project that requires synthesis of the course topics covered in the primary area of emphasis.

*899. Masters Thesis (6-10 cr)

Prereq: Admission to masters degree program and permission of major adviser

P/N only.

906. Crop Growth and Yield Modeling (NRES 906) (3 cr II)

Prereq: NRES 808 or equivalent or permission

Experience in programming in a high-level computer language. Offered spring semester of even-numbered calendar years. Descriptive and explanatory crop growth and yield models studied in detail. Descriptive models focus on yield predictions using easily available inputs while the processes that lead to yield will be examined in explanatory models.

907. Agricultural Climatology (HORT 907; METR 907; NRES 907) (3 cr II) Lec 2, lab 2.

Prereq: NRES 808; STAT 801 or equivalent

Offered spring semester of odd-numbered calendar years. Analysis and use of climatological data as applied to agricultural activities and the use of climatological information to assist in decision making.

908. Solar Radiation Interactions at the Earth’s Surface (HORT 908; METR 908; NRES 908) (3 cr II)

Prereq: MATH 208; NRES 808 or equivalent or permission

Offered spring semester of even-numbered calendar years. Quantitative study of radiative transfer to the earth’s surface and subsequent interactions of radiation with vegetative components and underlying surfaces. Applications of canopy radiative modeling and remote sensing techniques, particularly in understanding land-surface processes, are discussed.

909. Crop Responses to Environment (HORT 909; NRES 909) (3 cr II)

Prereq: MATH 208, NRES 808, or equivalent or permission

Offered odd-numbered calendar years. Physiological and developmental aspects of hardiness and growth of crop plants as affected by light, temperature, wind, and water. Design, function, and limitations of controlled environment facilities in plant research.

919. Plant Genetics (HORT 919) (2 cr II) Lec 2.

Prereq: AGRO 315

Discussions of genetic mechanisms and behavior, with emphasis on plants. Topics include allelism, nonallelic gene interactions, linkage and recombination, inheritance involving the cytoplasm, incompatibility, and mutation.

920. Xenobiotics in the Environment (ENTO 920; EOHT 920; HORT 920; NRES 920) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: Recommend one course each in organic chemistry, soil science, biochemistry, plant physiology, microbiology and ecology

ENTO 920 is offered in odd-numbered calendar years.

Fate and ecotoxicological impacts of biologically foreign compounds in soil-water-plant environments; uptake, mechanisms of toxicity and metabolism in plants and other biota. Herbicides and other pesticides.

931. Population Genetics (ASCI 931; HORT 931) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 315 and STAT 801

Structure of populations, forces affecting gene frequency and frequency of genotypes, continuous variation, population values and means, genotypic and environmental variances and covariances.

932. Biometrical Genetics and Plant Breeding (STAT 932) (3 cr) Lec 3.

Prereq: AGRO 931

STAT *802 recommended. Offered odd-numbered calendar years.

Theoretical concepts involved in planning breeding programs for the improvement of measurable morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits that are under polygenic control in crop plants of various types.

940. Forage Evaluation (ASCI 924) (3 cr II)

Prereq: Permission

Offered even-numbered calendar years. Analytic procedures and research methods used in evaluating biochemical components and nutritive value of forages. An evaluation of the impact of forage quality on forage breeding and animal performance.

955. Solute Movement in Soils (AGEN 955; CIVE 955; GEOL 985) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: MATH 208; AGRO 861 or GEOL 888 or MSYM 852 or CIVE 858

Knowledge of a programming language. MATH 821 recommended. Offered even-numbered calendar years.

Examination of the theory and experimental evidence available to characterize the movement of chemicals in soil. Both saturated and unsaturated flow conditions examined. Initial presentation of basic theoretical concepts. Remainder of class a discussion of the literature.

958. Theoretical Aspects of Physical Chemistry of Soils (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: MATH 208, AGRO 855, CHEM 871 or 882 or permission

Offered even-numbered calendar years. Topics in physical chemistry which have a special significance in the field of soil chemistry. Includes problems and outside readings in this area of soil chemistry.

961. Advanced Soil Physics (NRES 961) (3 cr II) Lec 3.

Prereq: MATH 208 and PHYS 212, or equivalent; or permission

Offered odd-numbered calendar years. Physics of soils and porous media, with emphasis on the physics and mathematics of the movement of water, air, and heat through soils.

963. Genetics of Host-Parasite Interaction (BIOS 963; HORT 963; PLPT 963) (3 cr II)

Prereq: BIOS 820 or permission. Recommended BIOS 312; BIOC 837; and PLPT 801 or 802

Offered odd-numbered calendar years.

965. Plant Virology (BIOS 965; HORT 965; PLPT 965) (3 cr II)

Prereq: PLPT 801 or PLPT 802, or permission

Offered odd-numbered calendar years.

Virus molecular biology; virosphere; virus-vector relationships; plant resistance to virus infection; economic impact and control of plant diseases by viruses.

966. Soil Fertility (NRES 966) (3 cr I) Lec 3.

Prereq: MATH 106; AGRO 855 and 857; STAT 801

Conditions and transformations involved in the transfer of a mineral nutrient ion from the soil into the plant. Evaluation of nutrient supply to plants.

968. Seminar in Plant Pathology (BIOS 968; HORT 968; PLPT 968) (1 cr per sem, II)

Prereq: Permission

977. Soil Genesis and Classification (GEOG 967; NRES 977) (3 cr II) Lec 2, rct 1.

Prereq: AGRO 153, AGRO 877/GEOG 867, and permission

Procedures used to classify soils, concepts behind the systems in use, and the genesis of the soils in the major categories of each system.

991. Seminar Presentation and Evaluation (HORT 991) (1 cr, max 2 cr)

AGRO 991 is required for all MS students. Various topics in horticulture, agronomy or related subjects. Emphasis on techniques.

992. General Seminar (HORT 950; NRES 950) (1 cr, max 5 cr)

Prereq: Permission

Expected of all horticulture graduate students and all agronomy PhD students; optional for agronomy MS students. Presentation of thesis or non-thesis topics in agronomy, horticulture or related subjects. For course description, see AGRO 992.

993. Seminar, Research Program Proposal (1 cr)

Required of PhD students; optional for MS students. Presentation of proposed research and methods. Presented within the student’s research discipline and completed before the student has completed 18 graduate course hours.

996. Research in Crops (2-5 cr I, II, III)

Prereq: 12 hrs agronomy or closely related sciences and permission

996A. Research in Soils (NRES 996A) (2-5 cr, max 5 I, II, III) Ind.

Prereq: 12 hrs AGRO or closely related sciences, and permission

999. Doctoral Dissertation (1-24 cr, max 55)

Prereq: Admission to doctoral degree program and permission of supervisory committee chair

P/N only.